Improvement in lamps



' B. F. HEBARDY I -Lamp. I I No. 43,911. Patented Aug; 23. 1864.

Witnesses:

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. BENJAMIN F. HEBARD, OF DORGHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. HEBARD,

- of Dorchester, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Benzine- Lamps or Lamps for Burning like Fluids; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Certain inflammable and, under certain circumstances, explosive fluids, although exceedingly cheap, could not-heused as an illaminating burning-fluid without danger of explosion. Benzine, partici larly, being a secondary product in tne refining of coal oil, and having but a limited application in the arts, would constitute a cheap and excellent illuminating burning-fluid butfor its liability, when heated, to form vapors whose expansive power would soon overcome resistance of the fluideontaining vessel, cause its explosion, and scatter its readily-inflammable contents over persons or objects in its vicinity. This alone has been the reason why this elean,cheap, and in other respects excellent illuminating material has not been more generally introduced into use.

The object of my invention is to construct a lamp in which benzine or other like inflammable and explosive fluid may be burned with perfect safety, and I have accomplished this end by a very simple device, which does not materially increase the cost of construction of the ordinary lamp; and my invention consists in interposing between the metallic cap of the fluid reservoir and the burner proper a tube made of a non-conductor'of heat.

To enable others to make and use myinvention, I shall now describe a lamp or lamps constructed in accordance with my improvement. a

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1,2, and 3 represent three different lamps, yet all embodying the principle of my invention.

It in the said figures is the fluid-reservoir.

It is. mounted by a screw-threaded cap, 0, which is adapted to the neck of the reservoir in the usual manner. From this cap spring one or more tubes, T, from two to six inches high and made of block-tin, zinc, porcelain, other non-conductor of heat. The ends of these tubes are tipped by the usual metallic burner, B. V

In Fig. l I have shownan ornamental lamp, the reservoir of which is made in imitation of an antique candle-stick. The metallic screwcap, which is removed for the purpose of filling the reservoir, is also made to imitate the candle-socket, while the tube and burner'are made, respectively, of porcelain and stained metal, to imitate the candle and wick.

Fig. 2 shows the lamp in its simplest form. The tube T in this instance is made of blocktin.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a lamp with three tubes and three burners.

These lamps are used like all fluid-lamps i. 0., awick is inserted in the tube and allowed slightly to protrude through the burner. The

fluid is mounted to the burner (when it is burned) by the capillary action of the wick.

Lamps for burning fluid of any kind, constructed substantially as herein described, may be used with perfect safety, and I have found that the most intense heat at the burner has no sensible eit'ect on the screw-cap. It, as well as the reservoir, remains quite cool while the lamp is used.

Having thus described my invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, 1 claim Forming the wick-tube of a fluid-lamp of otherwise ordinary or suitable construction of two dift'erentmaterialsthat is to say, making the tip or burn er of a metal and good conductor of heat and of alength to vaporize the requisite amount of fluid drawn up by the capillary action of the wick, and the tube proper of block-tin or other bad conductor of heat, so that the heat of the burner may not be transmitted to the vessel containg the fluid, substantially as set forth.

BENJAMlN F. H EBARD.

Witnesses: v

Q. P. HOLDEN, J. W. DAVIS. 

